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Termites live and work together in nests or colonies. Members of this colony take different types or castes. These include:
Their wings are equivalent size and shape and twice the length of their body. They drop after the colonising flight was created. Shed wings are a good indication of termite presence.
These are the sexual forms of the colony including future kings and queens of colonies not yet been established.
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The reproductives reside in a central chamber in the nest in which a lady , or queen, will put many thousands of eggs each year over her entire life span of approximately 10 years. Man, or kings, are responsible for fertilising the queens. Reproductives are commonly observed.
The young termites grow in the colony by shedding cuticles in the end of every growth stage, gradually changing until they reach the worker, soldier or adult (winged form). If queens die, some supplementary reproductives may carry on the colony as neotenics.
Reproductives are generally darker than workers and soldiers. They have functional eyes and their more robust skin (cuticle) is able to resist the outside environment. After flight, unlike other insects, the deciduous wings of termites are discarded and piles of shed wings are a hint to termite infestations.
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Officials have darker, bigger heads than the other castes. They're blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs.
Soldiers are more demanding than the other castes and take longer to die from many toxins, exposure, or starvation. It's their function to defend the colony, if disturbed, while the damage is repaired by the employees.
Soldiers exist in different forms. Most species have soldiers, together with well-developed jaws (mandibles) utilized to crush attackers, like ants.
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Nastute soldiers occur in Nasustitermes species and therefore are only infrequently found as pests in Victoria. They've a snout where they eject a solution which disturbs and glues attackers.
Soldiers have a head, which can be wedged in tunnels to block attackers. Are only occasional introductions to Victoria.
The employees account for the greatest number of termites within the colony, and are therefore responsible for the most damage.
They gather food, groom other termites, construct tunnels and repair damage in addition to tending to the kings, queens and their young. These termites are thought to operate 24 hours per day throughout their life span. Worker termites are generally unpigmented. They're blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. .
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Termites hatch from eggs which have been tended by their nest mates in specially constructed nurseries.
As soon as they are old enough, the young work within the colony where jobs change with age and adulthood.
Once a single colony gets sufficiently large it produces winged reproductives that wait in specially constructed chambers until ready to depart the nest and undertake a colonising flight.
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They leave the nest as a swarm under conditions of high humidity air, and at times light. Termites are not strong fliers and usually only fly up More Help to 1km, but breezes and updrafts can carry them much further.
Upon landing near a suitable nest site, the female sheds her wings and emits a calling scent. Men quickly respond.
They dig in and over the next few weeks, mate and look after their young until enough employees grow to take over the maintenance functions.
New colonies are created via budding. This is thought to occur when the extremities of this colony get rid of contact and become independent.
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The primary king and queen are believed to emit hormones, which suppress the sexual development of the rest of the colony. This control breaks down if the territory is too large or contact with groups is dropped.
Termites work in nests or colonies. They hatch from eggs as larvae, which can be fed by termites. They then develop into castes or four kinds of termite:
Soldiers have big, black heads, are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Soldiers are tougher than other castes and might take longer to control. Some species of soldier termites have strong jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, such as ants.
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Workers are colourless, blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Workers are the greatest caste within a colony and are, therefore, responsible for maximum harm.
Reproductives that are darker in color have functional eyes and strong skin. This caste becomes the pioneers of prospective colonies.
The temperature, food grade, and action of this colony will determine how long it takes for a termite.